Spain facts, information, pictures . The euro is divided into 1. There are coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 1. There are notes of 5, 1. Joseph's Day, 1. 9 March; Epiphany, 3. March; Day of St. Joseph the Artisan, 1 May; St. James's Day, 2. 5 July; Assumption, 1. August; National Day and Hispanic Day, 1. October; All Saints' Day, 1 November; Immaculate Conception, 8 December; Christmas, 2. December. Movable religious holidays include Holy Thursday, Good Friday, Easter Monday, and Corpus Christi. TIME: 1 pm = noon GMT. Occupying the greater part of the Iberian Peninsula, Spain is the third- largest country in Europe, with an area of 5. Lisbon's Mosteiro dos JerComparatively, the area occupied by Spain is slightly more than twice the size of the state of Oregon. This total includes the Balearic Islands (Islas Baleares) in the western Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands (Islas Canarias) in the Atlantic Ocean west of Morocco; both island groups are regarded as integral parts of metropolitan Spain. The Spanish mainland extends 1,0. Bordered by the Bay of Biscay, France, and Andorra on the n, by the Mediterranean on the e and s, by Gibraltar and the Strait of Gibraltar on the s, by the Gulf of C. Spain also holds Ceuta, Melilla, and other . In 2. 00. 3, Gibraltar residents voted to remain a British colony and demanded greater participation in talks between the United Kingdom and Spain concerning the future of Gibraltar. The United Kingdom plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy, but Spain does not agree with this plan. Spain's capital city, Madrid, is located in the center of the country. Continental Spain is divided into five general topographic regions: (1) The northern coastal belt is a mountainous region with fertile valleys and large areas under pasture and covered with forests. The principal peaks are Pico de Aneto (3,4. Pyrenees and Mulhac. The main rivers are the Tagus (Tajo), Duero, Guadiana, and Guadalquivir, which flow to the Atlantic, and the Ebro, which flows to the Mediterranean. The Duero and the Guadalquivir form broad valleys and alluvial plains and at their mouths deposit saline soils, creating deltas and salt marshes. The coastline has few natural harbors except the estuaries (r. They have a ruggedly mountainous terrain interspersed with some fertile valleys. Spain's highest mountain, Pico de Teide (3,7. Tenerife. The Balearic Islands are a picturesque group with sharply indented coastlines; they combine steep mountains with rolling, fertile ranges. The climate of Spain is extremely varied. The northern coastal regions are cool and humid, with an average annual temperature of. The central plateau is cold in the winter and hot in the summer; Madrid has a winter average of about 8. The northern coastal regions have an average annual rainfall of 9. Nevertheless, vegetation is generally sparse. In the humid areas of the north there are deciduous trees (including oak, chestnut, elm, beech, and poplar), as well as varieties of pine. Pine, juniper, and other evergreens, particularly the ilex and cork oak, and drought- resistant shrubs predominate in the dry southern region. Much of the Meseta and of Andaluc. The Canaries, named for the wild dogs (Canariae insulae) once found there, support both Mediterranean and African flora. A small, yellow- tinged finch on the islands has given the name . Animal life in Spain is limited by the pressure of population and few wild species remain. La liste de tous les livres et ouvrages r Get information, facts, and pictures about Spain at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about Spain easy with credible articles from our FREE. As of 2. 00. 2, there were at least 8. Extensive forests are now limited to the Pyrenees and the Asturias- Galicia area in the north because centuries of unplanned cutting have depleted stands. Fire eliminates 7. Government reforestation schemes meet with difficulties where sheep and goats graze freely over large areas. During the 1. 98. Erosion affects about 1. Spain. Air pollution is also a problem in Spain. In 1. 99. 5 industrial carbon dioxide emissions totaled 2. Spain 2. 0th compared to the other nations of the world. In 2. 00. 0, the total of carbon dioxide emissions was at 2. O Instituto Superior de Ci Voyages, actualites, histoire, culture, faits divers, images du Portugal, photos, regards sur le monde portugais, Industrial and agricultural sources contribute to the nation's water pollution problem. Spain is also vulnerable to oil pollution from tankers which travel the shipping routes near the nation's shores. Spain's cities produce about 1. Principal environmental responsibility is vested in the Directorate General of the Environment, within the Ministry of Public Works and Urban Affairs. As of 2. 00. 3, 8. UNESCO World Heritage sites and 4. Ramsar wetland sites. According to a 2. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), threatened species included 2. Threatened species included the Spanish lynx, Pyrenean ibex, Mediterranean monk seal, northern bald ibis, Spanish imperial eagle, Cantabrian capercaillie, dusky large blue and Nevada blue butterflies, and on the Canary Islands, the green sea turtle and Hierro giant lizard. The Canarian black oystercatcher and the Canary mouse have become extinct. The population of Spain in 2. United Nations (UN) at 4. In 2. 00. 5, approximately 1. There were 9. 6 males for every 1. According to the UN, the annual population rate of change for 2. The projected population for the year 2. The population density was 8. The UN estimated that 7. The capital city, Madrid, had a population of 5,1. Other large urban areas and their estimated populations include Barcelona (4,4. Valencia (7. 96,5. Sevilla (7. 04,1. Zaragoza (6. 47,3. M. Nevertheless, more than 1. Spanish citizens were residing outside the country in 1. In 2. 00. 1 there were 1,1. Spain, 2. 5% of total population. There were 2. 34,9. Moroccans, 8. 4,6. Ecuadorians, 8. 0,1. British, 6. 2,5. 06 Germans, 4. Colombians, 4. 4,7. French, and 4. 2,6. Portuguese. Internal migration was 6. In the past it has been directed toward the more industrialized zones and the great urban centers, and away from the rural areas. Rural- to- urban and urban- to- rural migration is now roughly in balance. Placed into practice in 2. Plan Greco was a scheme to regularize the immigration process; it was paralleled by a labor quota system aimed at responding to short and long- term labor shortages. However, both employers and labor unions agreed that the 2. All the same, Spain still had an estimated 1. In 2. 00. 5, Spain had its fifth and largest legalization program with 6. A gateway into Europe, Spain receives large numbers of non- European migrants through Ceuta and Melilla. In 2. 00. 4, 1. 5,6. Moroccans attempting to enter southern Spain was seized. In 1. 99. 8, 6,6. Spain, up from 4,7. Also in 2. 00. 4, 5,6. United Nations High Commissioner. Refugees (UNHCR). In 2. 00. 5, the net migration rate was an estimated 0. In 2. 00. 3 worker remittances were $4. Ethnological studies reveal a homogeneous Latin stock in three- fourths of the country. The greatest contrasts are found between those of Celtic, Iberic, and Gothic antecedents in the north and those of southern lineage. The great mobility of the population toward the urban centers, the coast, and the islands has contributed to the diffusion of ethnic characteristics. Cultural groups, but not properly distinct ethnic groups, include the Castilians of central Spain, the Asturians and the Basques of Vizcaya, . The Basques, Galicians, and Catalans consider themselves separate nations within Spain; they enjoy considerable cultural, economic, and political autonomy. Estimates of the Roma population are usually given as several hundred thousand. According to the 1. Spanish is the national language. Castilian, the dialect of the central and southern regions, is spoken by most Spaniards (7. A majority of those who live in the northeastern provinces and the Balearic Islands spoke Catalan, a neo- Latin tongue. Galician, close to Portuguese, was used in Galicia, in the northwest corner of Spain. The Basques in northern Spain spoke Basque, a. Roman language unrelated to any other known tongue and using an ancient script. Bable, a form of Old Castilian was spoken in Asturias (northwest), and Valencian, a dialect of Catalan, was used by inhabitants of the eastern province of Valencia. In 2. 00. 3, the Center for Sociological Investigations reported that about 8. Catholic, but 4. 2% admitted that they never attend Mass. In the same survey, 1. Protestants, numbering about 3. Federation of Evangelical Religious Entities. The Federation of Spanish Islamic Entities (FEERI), located in C. There are about 4. There are also about 9,0. Buddhists. Roman Catholicism was once the official religion of Spain, but the constitution of 1. The Roman Catholic Church does, however, continue to maintain certain privileges, as well as monetary support, from the state. In 2. 00. 2, Spain had an estimated 3. The Mediterranean and Cant. In 2. 00. 3, there were 1. In 2. 00. 4, the National Spanish Railway Network encompassed 1. A total of 7,7. 18 km (4,8. Of Spain's 2. 00 ports, 2. The largest are Barcelona, Tarragona, and Cartagena on the Mediter- ranean, Algeciras on the Strait of Gibraltar, La Coru. The port of Bilbao, on the Bay of Biscay, can accommodate tankers of up to 5. Substantial improvements were made during the 1. Gij. Scheduled ferry services connect Spain with neighboring countries and North Africa. In 2. 00. 5, the merchant fleet was comprised of 1. GRT or more, totaling 1,7. GRT. As of 2. 00. Spain had 1,0. 45 km (6. Spain had an estimated 1. As of 2. 00. 5, a total of 9. Principal airports include Alicante, Prat at Barcelona, Ibiza, Lanzarote, Gran Canaria at Las Palmas, Barajas at Madrid, M. The state- owned Iberia Air Lines has regular connections with 5. Europe, Africa, Asia (including the Middle East), and the Western Hemisphere. Other Spanish airlines are Aviaco, Air Europa, Viva Air, Binter Canarias, and Spanair. In 2. 00. 3, about 4. Archaeological findings indicate that the region now known as Spain has been inhabited for thousands of years. A shrine near Santander, discovered in 1. Altamira in 1. 87. The recorded history of Spain begins about 1.
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